高楼大厦与环境(Skyscrapers and Environment)

详细内容

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inthelate1960's,manypeopleinnorthamericaturnedtheirattentiontoenvironmentalproblems,andnewsteel-and-glassskyscraperswerewidelycriticized.ecologistspointedoutthataclusteroftallbuildingsinacityoftenoverburdenspublictransportationandparkinglotcapacities.

skyscrapersarealsolavishconsumers,andwasters,ofelectricpower.inonerecentyear,theadditionof17millionsquarefeetofskyscraperofficespaceinnewyorkcityraisedthepeakdailydemandforelectricityby120,000kilowatts-enoughtosupplytheentirecityofalbany,newyork,foraday.

glass-walledskyscraperscanbeespeciallywasteful.theheatloss(ain)throughawallofhalf-inchplateglassismorethantentimesthatthroughatypicalmasonrywallfilledwithinsulationboard.tolessenthestrainonheatingandair-conditioningequipment,buildersofskyscrapershavebeguntousedouble-glazedpanelsofglass,andreflectiveglassescoatedwithsilveroldmirrorfilmsthatreduceglareaswellasheatgain.however,mirror-walledskyscrapersraisethetemperatureofthesurroundingairandaffectneighboringbuildings.

skyscrapersputaseverestrainonacity'ssanitationfacilities,too.iffullyoupied,thetwoworldtradecentertowersinnewyorkcitywouldalonegenerate2.25milliongallonsofrawsewageeachyear-asmuchasacitythesizeofstanford,connecticut,whichhasapopulationofmorethan109,000.