新婚姻法(New Marriage Law)

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(1919)tobringtoanendtheinfluencesofthepatriarchyandageismthatexistedinthefeudalfamilysystem.inpractice,thelawfollowedanearlierohathadbeenpromulgatedduringthep'sstayinthejiangxisovietintheearly1930sandincorporatedexperiencesgainedinyan'an.theimplementationofthemarriagelawoverlappedthelandreformmovementinmanyplaces,particularlyinthenewly-liberatedareas,andcausedconsiderableconfusion.chapterone,articleoneofthelaw,forexample,definedthatmarriagesshouldbebasedonthefreechoiceofpartners,onmonogamy,onequalrightsforbothsexes,andontheprotectionofthelawfulinterestsofwomenandchildren.manyoftheelementsofthelawhadlegislativeantecedentsandwerelessrevolutionarythantheyseemed.thefreedomofchoiceregardingpartnerswasacontinuationofrulessetoutinearlierrepublicanmarriageregulations,aswerethefreedomofdivorce,thebanonpolygamyandtakingconcubines,andthebanonchildmarriages.thepintroducedanumberofnewelementsaswell.oneofthesewasthatcoupleswereorderedtoregistertheirmarriages(ordivorces)atstateinstitutions.

anothernewelementprovidedbythemarriagelawwasthatitdefinedrelationsbetweengenerations:children,parentsandgrandparentshadtoliveinharmoniousrelationsandcareforeachother,asthe1953posterabovemakesclear.despitetheseprovisions,manyelderlyinparticularwereprosecutedas'landlords'whentheyresistedthenewapproachtomarriages,whichoftenoffendedtraditionalattitudesandsensibilitiestowardthechoiceofspouseandcohabitation.

thelawledmanytobelievethatitsnotionof'freelove',i.e.marriagesthatwerenotcoercedorarranged,actuallymeantthatpeoplecouldhavesexwithwhomeveronewanted.ontheotherhand,theintroductionofthelawalsoledtolargenumbersofmarriage-disputecases,divorces,murdersandsuicides.until1955,yearlypropagandacampaignswereanizedtopublicizethelawallovertheland.bythen,morethan90%ofallmarriageshadbeenofficiallyregistered,andthesewereconsideredtohavebeenconcludedinfreewill.