高考英语单元知识点复习Unit11-Unit12
详细内容
promise excite regulation shorting embarrass violent resign actual definite congratulate smooth finance bination bride shame decline oral
短语
stick with pull out of through thick and thin for the sake of in reality keep an eye on take...into aount as a whole once again live up to句型
not only...but also...的用法Unit 12
单词
load strict absent expand distribute corporation donate curriculum ministry worldwide aspect profession alongside advocate obtain evident recorder select suit schedule presentation短语
to begin with drop out(of) result in句型
1.It/That depends.2.it作形式宾语的句型结构Unit 11
理解：要点诠释单词
1.congratulate讲:常见结构为:(1)congratulate sb.(on sth.)向某人道贺；(2)congratulate yourself(on sth.)(为成就或成功)感到高兴，感到自豪。congratulations用于向人祝贺，且只能用复数，意为“祝贺，恭喜”。例:I congratulated them all on their results.我为他们取得的成就向他们表示祝贺。You can congratulate yourself on having done an excellent job.你应该为你出色的工作感到自豪。Looking back,she congratulates herself on this decision.每当回想往事，她总是为自己的这项决定感到自豪。Congratulations on your exam results!祝贺你考出了好成绩！―We are getting married! 我们要结婚了！―Congratulations! 恭喜恭喜！链接・提示 (1)注意比较congratulate和celebrate(庆祝)的意思和用法区别。(2)thank用作名词时，也常用复数形式，表示“感谢”。练:The three sisters decided to hold a family party to________their parents’ silver wedding.A.wele B.congratulateC.memorize D.celebrate提示:本题考查动词辨析。从句子的意思分析，此处用celebrate，表示“庆祝”，而congratulate“庆祝”的用法为congratulate sb. on sth.，和此处的搭配不相符合。答案:D2.smooth讲：adj.＆v. 平整的；平坦的；平滑的；光滑的；平稳的；顺利的;使平坦；使平滑；使光滑;smoothly adv.常见短语有:smooth the path/way铺平道路；smooth away/out削除(问题)；克服(困难)。例:The water was as smooth as glass.水平如镜。Things went smooth.事情进展顺利。They are introducing new measures to ensure the smooth running of the business.他们正采取新措施，以确保公司平稳运转。She was smoothing out the creases in her skirt.她正设法弄平裙子上的皱褶。He took the letter and smoothed it flat on the table.他接过信，在桌上展平。These negotiations are intended to smooth the path to a peace treaty.这些谈判目的在于为签订和平条约铺平道路。Any differences between the groups were soon smoothed away.几个组之间的分歧很快就消除了。链接・提示 smooth away表示“克服”时，其同义词为get rid of。练:(2010上海春季模拟) Finnish President said Finland-China relations had progressed______ with fruitful co-operation in new and high-tech fields.A.peacefully B.highly C.quietly D.smoothly提示:本题考查副词辨析。此处用smoothly修饰progress，表示“发展顺利”。其他副词和语境不相符合。答案:D3.shame讲： n.羞愧；羞耻；惭愧(不可数)；可耻的事物或人(可数)v. cause to feel shame使蒙羞ashamed adj.害羞的；羞耻的；羞愧的be ashamed of oneself为自己感到害羞；feel ashamed for sb.为某人感到羞愧；be ashamed to do/be ashamed that...对(做某事)感到羞耻。例:He felt shame at having told a lie.因说谎他感到羞愧。To my shame,I failed.使我羞愧的是，我失败了。He is a shame to his family.他是他家的败类。What a shame that you have to leave so early.你必须这么早离开真遗憾。He was shamed by how much more work the others had done.别人做得多得多，他感到很难为情。You should be ashamed of yourself/of what you have done.你应(对自己所做的事)感到羞愧。I am ashamed that I could not answer the question.我很惭愧不能回答这个问题。I am ashamed to tell anyone that I have failed again.我羞于告诉任何人我又失败了。链接・提示 注意shame用作名词时可数与不可数的区别。练:―I’m sorry I can’t join you in the travel.―______A.What a shame! B.Never mind.C.Why not ask others? D.No at all.提示:What a shame=What a pity,表示遗憾。答案:A短语
1.stick with讲:该短语为及物动词短语，意思为“继续支持；保持联系；持续；坚持”。be stuck with sb./sth.被……缠住。例:Do you stick with your friends through thick and thin.你能不顾艰难继续支持朋友吗？They decided to stick with their original plan.他们决定继续执行原来的计划。If you stick with it,your performance will gradually get better.如果你坚持这么做的话，你的表现会越来越好的。Bill left and I was stuck with the debt.比尔离开了，弄得我债务缠身。链接・提示 stick around不走开；待在原地。 Stick around;we’ll need you to help us later. 别走开，过一会我们还需要你帮忙呢。 stick by坚持忠于；不离弃(某人)。 Her husband was charged with fraud but she stuck by him. 她丈夫被指控犯有诈骗罪，但她仍旧对他忠贞不渝。 stick to坚持(做某事)；坚持；维持；固守。 He promised to help us and he stuck to his word. 他答应过帮助我们，他没有失信。 stick together团结在一起；拧成一股绳。That family sticks together and helps each other.全家拧成一股绳互相帮助。练:Driving a car is not so dangerous as imagined as long as you ______the traffic rules.A.give up B.stick to C.insist on D.connect to提示:本题考查短语动词的辨析。根据句子的意思分析，此处应该表示“坚持遵守交通规则”，短语insist on表示“坚持”，后面一般不跟名词作宾语。答案:B2.keep an eye on sb./sth.讲：该短语的意思为“照看；留神；留意”。例:We’ve asked the neighbours to keep an eye on the house for us while we are away.我们已请邻居在我们离开时帮忙照看一下房子。While crossing the road,you should keep an eye on the traffic around you.过马路时，你要留意周围的车辆。链接・提示 keep an eye open/out (for sb. /sth.)密切注意；提防；警觉。Police have asked residents to keep an eye out for anything suspicious.警方要求居民密切注意一切可疑情况。look sb. in the eye(s)/face(坦然或问心无愧地)直视某人，正视某人。Can you look me in the eye and tell me you are not lying?你能问心无愧地看着我说你没撒谎吗？ see eye to eye(与某人)看法一致；完全同意。We see eye to eye on the matter,so let’s sign a contract.我们对此看法完全一致，所以我们签约吧。练:In the experiment you should keep a watchful eye______ the developments and record every detail.A.in B.at C.for D.on提示:短语keep an eye on表示“注意”。答案:D句型
not only...but also...的用法讲:not only...but also可以用来连接名词、代词、动词、形容词等。表示“不仅……而且……”。有时可以用just代替only,also可以省略。例:Not only will these qualities make you rise in the eyes of others,you will also feel better about yourself.这些品质不仅会使你在别人眼中的地位有所提高，还会使你感到更加自信。Life at high school is the time not only to find out what we are really good at,but also what we really want.高中生活不但能让我们发现我们能干什么，而且还能发现我们真正想干什么。链接・提示 (1)not only...but also...连接主语时，谓语动词应和邻近的主语保持一致。Not only he but also I am responsible for it.不仅他而且我也有责任。 (2)连接谓语时，not前不可有助动词。 (3)连接除主语以外的其他成分时，如果not only位于句首，not only后的主语和谓语需要倒装，但but also后的主谓不能倒装。Not only has he been to Canada,but also he knows some Canadians.他不仅去过加拿大，而且认识一些加拿大人。练:Not only I but also Jane and Mary_________Mom’s preachment.A.is tired of B.are tired ofC.is tired with D.are tired with提示:be tired of“厌倦；厌烦”；be tired with“因……而疲劳”。not only...but also连接主语时应遵循就近一致的原则，该句话的主语为Jane and Mary,所以用动词的复数形式。答案:B辨析
1.for the sake of,in case offor the sake of=for...’s sake 为……起见；为了……，表示原因。in case of以免；以防，表示目的。即时练习:(1)He did it_________ his family.(2)I’ll help you_________ your sister.(3)We’d better insure the house _________fire.答案:(1)for the sake of (2)for the sake of (3)in case of2.in reality,in fact,as a matter of fact,actually这些词或短语都可以用来表示“事实上”，可以通用。即时练习:Two middleaged passengers fell into the lake. _________,neither of them could swim.A.In fact B.LuckilyC.Unfortunately D.Naturally提示:本题考查副词辨析。根据后面一句话的意思“两个人都不会游泳”判断，此处应该表示“不幸”落入水中。答案:C诱思：实例点拨【例1】(2010广东模拟) Tara:This is Tera Patel from Cotton House in Kidderminster.Could I speak to Mr.Smith,please?Mr.Smith: _________.A.Speaking. B.I’m Mr.Smith.C.Who are you? D.Hello.提示:由Could I speak to Mr.Smith,please?可知两个人是在打电话，所以其答语应该是(This is Mr.Smith)speaking.答案:A讲评:本题考查日常交际用语，首先要搞清楚是在打电话，然后选择电话用语。【例2】(2010山东模拟) I knew _________John Lennon,but not________ famous one.A./；a B.a;the C./；the D.the;a提示:专有名词前一般不加定冠词，但是如果是指“一个叫……的人”，要加不定冠词，如a Smith一个叫史密斯的人。后一空是人们都知道的那个著名的John Lennon，因此前应加定冠词the。答案:B讲评:在这里要分清两句话所指的人之间的关系，第二处为特指。