高中英语词法专题介词精品教案
详细内容
e back _____ two days .
五. with / in / by 表示 “用……”
1. with 表示 “用…” 一般指有形的工具 / 手段 / 人体器官.
He cut the apple into halves ____ a knife .
注: with 表伴随, “带有, 含有”
He came in _____ a big smile on his face .
2. in表示用某种语言, 方式, 途径. 或书写/绘画所用的材料. 也可表交通方式.
Can you say it _____English ?
He wrote a letter ____ blue ink .
3. by表示乘坐交通工具, 表示方式, 方法
I study for a test _____ working with a group.
He makes a living ____ selling newspapers.
注意: 同义词组
1). by phone = on the phone
2). by car = in a car
3). in pen = with a pen = with pens
六. across / through / over / by 经过
1. across 指横穿, 穿过. 表示动作从某一物体表面上经过.
2. through 指穿过, 透过, 表示从某一物体空间内通过.
3. over 表示从某人或某物的上空经过或越过, 不与表面接触.
4. by 表示从某人/某物的旁边经过.
Can you swim ______ the river?
the elephant is so big that it can’t go _____ the gate.
I don’t think anyone can jump ___ the fence.
I walked _____ the bank of China yesterday.
七. in front of / in the front of
1. in the front of 表示在…….内部的前面
2. in front of 表示在……外面的前面
There is a desk in _____ front of our classroom.
There is a big tree in _____ front of our classroom.
八．其它介词的用法：
1. at的其它用法.
1). 表示 “从事或正在做某事”, 其后加的名词往往不加冠词.
She is at work now = She is working now.
2). at表示 “价格或速度”
The train ran at 120 kilometres an hour.
2. in的其它用法:
1) in表示 “在……方面”
词组: do well in = be good at
be weak in
2) in 表示 “穿着”后接表颜色的词或衣服.
词组: be in +衣服 = be wearing +衣服
3) in作副词, “在家” = at home
3. like 的用法:
1). 像/和……一样. 常与系动词连用.
词组: look like sound like
2). 与what 连用, “是什么样子, 怎样”.
What is he like ? He is kind .
4. off的用法:
1). 从……下来, 脱离某物体.
词组: fall off
2). “休假”通常放在时间名词之后.
词组: have +时间+ off
He hasn’t had a night off for two hours.
5. except / besides
1). except 除了…….之外, 都……. . 不包括在范围之内.
注: nothing but … 除了……之外, 什么也没有.
2). besides除了……之外, 还有…… . 包括在范围之内.
We all went swimming ______ Lucy.
There is _______ a letter in the box.
We study Japanese and French____ English.
6. with / without
1). with具有, 含有 -----反义词: without 没有
词组: with the help of = with one’s help =because of = thanks to
without one’s help
2). without 的用法:
A).without + sb./ sth. 没有某人或某物
B).without + doing sth .
He left here without____(say ) “Goodbye”to us
C). without sth 常与if 引导的否定的条件句.
If there is no water , we can’t live. = We can’t live ______ _______ .
7. on the tree /in the tree
on the tree 表示 “树上本身长的东西” 在树上. 而in the tree 表示 “外界的物体进入树中” 人或物在树上.
There are some apples _____ the tree.
There is a boy ____ the tree.
8. since / for
注: since / for 用于现在完成时.
1). since :
a). since +时间点
b). 现在完成时+ since +一般过去时
c). since +一段时间+ ago.
2) for: for +一段时间= since +一段时间+ ago
9. be made +介词的区别:
be made of 由…制成 (看得见原材料)
be made from由…制成 (看不见原材料)
be made in +地点 由哪儿生产
be made by sb. 由某人制造
10. 表示 “数量的介词”
about, round, around, over
1). about, round around表示 “大约……”
2). over 表示 “超过”= more than.
11. inside / outside
Inside 在……里面 ------反义词: outside在….外面
12. in the wall /on the wall
in the wall 表示“门窗在墙上” on the wall 表示“某东西张贴或挂在墙上”
九. 不用介词的情况:
1). 当时间状为: tonight, today, yesterday, tomorrow 等时, 不用介词.
What are you going to do tonight ?
2). 含有this, that, these, those, last, next, every, each等时间状语.
He went to Wuhan last week .
3). 以all 开头的时间状语前面不用介词.
He has worked all day .
4). 以some, any, one 等构成的时间状语前不用介词.
He met a bad man one cold morning. = He met a bad man on a cold morning .