八年级英语下册第二单元导学案

详细内容

e up with a plan for the City Park Clean -up Day. 我们需要为城市公园清洁日想出一个计划。【解析】e up with =think up 想出【短语】：think about 考虑 think of 想起 think over 仔细考虑【谚语】 Think before you act 三思而后行
( ) ①We need______________(想出) a plan.( )②My mother came up with a good idea which we all agreed to.thought about B. thought up C. thought hard
2. They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.他们给我讲过去的故事，并告诉我过去事情是什么样子的。【解析】 (1) use v.使用→useful adj. 有用的 use up 用完Studying English is__________(use).(2) use sth to do sth 用某物做某事We use Inter __________(find) information.(3) used to do sth 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。①My mother used_________（tell）us story when we were young.( ) ②He used to ____short and ____ short hair when he was young. A. have; be B. be; have C. be; be D. have; have(4) be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事My grandpa is used ___________(live) in country. (5) be used to do sth 被用来做某事=be used for doing sth ①Stamps is used ____________(post) letters.( ) ②My brother used to _____ up late, but now he is used to ___ up early.A. get ;get B. getting; get C. get; getting D. getting; getting( ) ③ Keys are used ___ the door. A. to open B. to opening C. open D. opening【记】 He used to wear glasses . But now he is used to wearing conta ct lenses. 他以前常戴（框架）眼镜，但现在习惯戴隐形眼镜。3.Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. 是的，很多老年人都很孤独。【解析】alone / lonely 辨析：
(1)alone = by oneself adj. 单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。He often walks alone to home .(2)lonely ①指人孤独的，寂寞的，强调主观感受；②也可指某个地方是荒凉的( ) ①The old man lives ___，but he never feels ____. A.alone ;lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely②My little sister is afraid to stay at home alone.A. quietly B. lonely C. all the time D. by herself③ He did the work all by himself. A. already B. together C. alone D. lonely

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.
第3课时Section A 3a-3c

【学习目标】1.重点词汇用法及短语动词用法。
2.理解短文大意，把握细节。
【重点、难点】理解短文大意，把握细节。
二、【合作探究】
（一）阅读训练：
（二）用动词不定式填空，完成3c。
（三 ）语言学习。
1. Mario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School give up several hours each week to help others. 来自河畔高中的马里奥.格林和玛丽.布朗每周都会花几个小时去帮助别人。【解析1】give up 放弃give up doing sth=stop doing sth 放弃做某事
( ) I find it too difficult to learn English well. I want to drop it.A. give up it B. give itup C. give away it D. give it away2.But I want to learn more about how to care for animals.【解析】care for 照看；照顾； 照料
Many students in our school _______ the old and they usually offer their seats to them on buses.
A. worry about B. care for C. agree with D. take care
【拓展】care的短语总结
take care =be careful v.当心，小心 take care of =look after v.照顾，照料，照看 take care of 处理，做完 care for v.照顾，照看
3.She could read by herself at the age of four. 她在四岁的时候就能够独自阅读。
【解析】at the age of 在......岁的时候= when sb. was ... years old.
―Do you know Mo Yan?―Of course, He won the 2012 Nobel Prize four Literature _____ the age of 57.A. inB. atC. on D. To
4.Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
去年，她决定尝试在一个课后阅读项目中做一名志愿者。
【解析】try out 尝试；实验 try v 试图，设法，努力
【拓展】 (1)try on 试穿(2) try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】 (3) try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事①We should __________________(尽最大努力)to be happy in the future.
( ) ② We should try ___ much fruit. A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. Eats

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.
第4课时Section A 4a-4c

【学习目标】1.重点词汇用法及短语动词用法。
2.复习所学过的短语动词。
【重点、难点】复习所学过的短语动词。
二、【合作探究】
(一）朗读并翻译Grammar Focus 里的句子，注意其中几个短语动词的用法。
（二）用表格中的短语 动词填空，完场4a。
（三）用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空，完成4b,朗读短文，勾画出其中的重点短语。
（四）语言学习。1.For example , we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. 例如， 我们可以制定一些计划去看望医院生病的孩子们或者无家可归的人们筹钱。【解析】 home n. 家→homeless adj. 无家可归的 be home to … = be the home of sb. 成为…家园 a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩
We have onl y one Earth. It's our mon _____.A. family B. houseC. home D. room
【拓展】由home构成的合成词： homeland n 祖国 hometown n 家乡 homework 家庭作业homeless adj. 无家可归的 home-made adj. 自制的 He was born in Italy, but he has made China his ____.A. family B. address C. house D. home careless 粗心的 hopeless 没有希望的 helpless 无助的 useless 没有用的be home to sb. = be the home of sb. 是某人的家①You should do something to help ________(无家可归的)people.
② Mr. Li regards Ningxia as his second ___ because he has been here for over twenty years.
A. family B. house C. room D. home2.Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year to move to another country, like Africa,and help people there.
【解析】 stop doing stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.请停止讲话
(2)stop to do sth. 停下来去做另外一件事 Please stop to talk.请停下来讲话
(3)stop sb. from doing sth. =keep sb from doing sth=prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做离开某事(4)can’t stop doing sth. 忍不住做……
( )①Seeing their teacher ____ into the classroom, they stopped _____ at once.
A. walk; tellingB. entering; to speak
C. enter; to tell D. walking; talking
( )②―Dad, why must I stop puter games?
―For your health , my boy.
A. play B. to play C. to playingD. playing

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.
第5课时Section B 1a-1e
【学习目标】1.重点词汇用法及短语动词用法。
2.掌握短语：run out of, take after, fix up, give away的运用及听力技能提高。
【重点、难点】掌握短语：run out of, take after, fix up, give away的运用及听力技能提高。
一、【自主学习】㈠ 看课本1a, 翻译下列词组。
1. 用完_____________ 2.长得像_ 3. 修理；安装 4.捐赠 5. 与......相似
㈡ 试用以上短语来造句。如: 1 我已用完我的钱了。2她长得像母亲。3他会修理他的自行车4 这个富人把他的钱捐给这些贫穷的孩子。.5我的书包与你的相似。
二、【合作探究】
㈠ 看课本1a, 把意思相近的句子搭配起来，完成1a。
㈡ Pairwork, 把短语动词与名词相搭配，然后用这些短语造句，完成1b。
㈢ 讨论并回答问题:1. What will you do if your bike is broken or old?
2. Can you repair it by yourself? / Do you have your bike repaired?
㈣ 听一听，填一填，选一选，完成 1c 和 1d.
㈤ 用1c和1d.中的信息，分角色表演吉米与记者之间的对话，完成1e。
㈥语言学习I take after my mother.
导学1. take after 指的是“（在外貌性格方面）与……像”，不管是名词还是代词只能放在其后。look like“长得像,看起来像”，（只指外表）。be like既指性格像也可指外表像。
eg. His son really ____. A. take after him B. take him after C. takes after him D. takes him after I’ve run out of it.
导学2. run out of 意为“用完，用尽”= use up
eg. The woman has run out of all her money, she is poor now.used up B. mixed up C. run off D. run awayI give it away.
导学3. give away 表示“捐赠”，如果宾语是代词，必须把代词放在中间,give it/them away.
小结含give的短语：give sb a call; give up; give out; give off发出（光.热.气体）
eg. The rich man has given away all his money to charity.I fix it up.
导学4. fix up意为“修理；修补”。区别fix; mend; repair.fix: “固定；安装；修理” ；mend“修理；修补” ， 一般指衣服,鞋袜,钟表,自行车,电视机；repair：修理构造较为复杂,损伤较大的机器汽车建筑物.eg. 1) I have to ______ my MP4. 2) How long did you spend _____ your car? 3) In the past, people always _____ old clothes. 5. I’m similar to her.
导学5. be similar to意为“与……类似”; be the same as“与……完全相同”。
eg . All eggs look similar _____ one another, but not two eggs are the same_____ each other. A. to; to B. as; as C. to; as D. as; to

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.
第6课时Section B 2a-2e

【学习目标】1.通过阅读这篇文章, 学会如何向别人表示感谢 。 2.学习文章中出现的重点单词,词组和句型。 3.培养学生的阅读能力。
【重点、难点】学会如何向别人表示感谢及掌握文章中出现的重点单词,词组和句型。
一、【自主学习】（一） 词汇检测：译一译，记一记
二、【合作探究】
（一） 阅读文章，回答下列问题，完成2b。（
（三）用信中的信息，把不同的部分搭配起来组成正确的句子，学会区分简单句的句子成分，完成2d。（四）和同伴一起讨论这些问题，完成2e。（五）语言学习。
1. I’ll send you a photo of Lucky.
【解析】(1) a photo of sb. sb.为宾格，“某人的一张照片”，强调照片上的人就是他/她本人。(2) a photo of sb’s. sb’s.为名词性物主代词或名词所有格，“某人的一张照片”，强调照片上的人是sb.所拥有的。 One of my friends is a policewoman, this is a photo of . A. her B. hers C. she D. his 2. I’m sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me. 我肯定你知道这个组织的成立是为了帮助像我这样的残疾人。【解析1】be sure (that) ...
⑴be sure＋of／about doing sth，“确信……”；“对……有把握”。但在接名词时，be sure of侧重指主语对某抽象事物的确信无疑be sure about则侧重指主语对某具体事物的确信无疑I'm sure of his honesty．我肯定他是诚实的。 ⑵be sure to do sth ，表示说话人对句子主语作出的判断，认为句子主语“必定”、 “必然会”、“准会”如何如何。It is sure to rain．天一定会下雨。⑶be sure+宾语从句，表示主句主语对宾语从句中涉及的事物所作出的判断，意为“确信某事一定会……”。 We are sure he will make great progress this term． 我们确信他这学期一定会取得巨大进步【拓展】make sure表示“弄确实；核实；查证”。 make sure常用于祈使句，后面常接that宾语从句或of介词短语。
Make sure + that从句意为“弄明白；确信”。Make sure + of + 代词/名词，意思也是“弄明白；确信”。 ― Make sure of his ing before you set off. ― 出发之前要确定他是否来。
― I make sure (that) he would e. ― 我确信他会来。【解析2】set up 建立；设立
set up =establish =build建立（v. +adv）
Lucy could read story book at the age of four.
A.is able to B.was able to C.should D.would

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.
第7课时Section B 3a-Self Check

【学习目标】1.复习所学过的短语动词。2.学会写一篇关于做志愿者的文章。
【重点、难点】学会写一篇关于做志愿者的文章。
一、【自主学习】自读、小组内互读重点单词和词组。
二、【合作探究】（一）看看这几种志愿工作。你能再增加一些吗？你想做什么？和同伴讨论一下，完成3a。（二）用课本上提供的句型和信息，给你想做志愿工作的地点写一封信或者电子邮件，完成3b。（三）完成Self Check 的相关练习。核对答案。（四）复习以下重点短语和句型。重点短语 1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2. an old people’s home 养老院3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难 4. used to 曾经… … ；过去_5. care for 关心;照顾 6. the look of joy 快乐的表情7. at the age of 在......岁时 8. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振雀 10. give out 分发;散发11. e up with 想出；提出 12. make a plan 制订计划13. make some notices 做些公告牌 14. try out 试用;试行15. work for 为…工作；为…. 效力 16. put up 建造;举起;张贴17. hand out 分发;散发;发给 18. call up 打电话;召集19. put off 推迟;延迟 20. for example 比如；例如21. raise money 筹钱;募捐 22. take after 与......相像;像23. give away 赠送;捐赠 24. fix up 修理;修补;解决25. be similar to 与……相似26. set up 建立;设27. disabled people 残疾人28. make a difference 影响;有作用29. be able to 能够 30. after-school reading program课外阅读项目
二、重点句型1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning. 每周六上午，他都在一'家动物医院当志愿者。4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。5. . . . you can see in their eyes that they’ re going on a different journey with each new book.……从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。