2013年高二英语上册期中考试试卷（有答案）

详细内容

plain about Professor Smith?
A. He’s strict with students and assigns too many writing tasks.
B. He’s hard to understand and gives frequent exams.
C. He’s hard to understand and assigns too many reading tasks.
13. How does the man probably feel about his lecturer?
A. The lecturer is very instructive and interesting.
B. The lecturer assigns too much homework.
C. The lecturer is hard to understand.
14. What does the woman plain about in the end?
A. Lining up in the library.
B. Lining up in the canteen.
C. Lining up in the bank.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. Who is the manager of the woman’s department?
A. A man who just graduated from college.
B. A man who has been with the pany for 2 years.
C. A man wearing jeans and a sweater.
16. How long has the woman been at this pany?
A. 2 months. B. About 1 year. C. More than 2 years.
17. What is to blame for her not being appointed aording to the man?
A. Her clothes. B. Her petence. C. Her qualification.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Where did the red-faced man work when he visited the speaker?
A. In a clinic. B. In a small hospital. C. In a dentist’s office.
19.What did the red-faced man ask the speaker when they first met?
A. Whether he could find a better job in Spain.
B. Whether he could quit the job he din not like.
C. Whether he could bee a doctor in England.
20. Why didn’t the red-faced man charge the speaker?
A. Because he was very rich.
B. Because he knew the speaker well.
C. Because he appreciated the speaker’s advice.
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：单项填空（共15题：每小题1分，满分15分）
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的ＡＢＣＤ四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21. Some people fear that ______ air pollution may bring about changes in ______ weather around the world.
A. /, the B. the, / C. an, the D. the, a
22. It is said that Chinese eat ______ vegetables per person today as they did about 30 years ago.
A. more than twiceB. as many as twice
C. twice as many as D. more than twice as many
23. ――May I go to play football with Mike now, Dad?
――No, you can’t go out ______ your homework is being done.
A. as B. until C. before D. after
24. ______ the breakfast room, there is also a cozy bar where guests can enjoy afternoon tea.
A. Except for B. In addition to C. In addition D. Except
25. That is the only way we can imagine ______ the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.
A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce
26. The professor could hardly find enough grounds on which to base his arguments ______ the new theory.
A. in honor of B. in favor of C. in case of D. in memory of
27.――Look at your pale face. You ______ a sleepless night.
――You bet. The work site next to the hotel was so noisy.
A. must have had B. might have
C. should have had D. cannot have had
28. The boy ______ there ______ that the hen had ______ three eggs.
A. lying, lied, laid B. lied, lying, laid
C. laid, lying, laid D. laid, lied, lied
29. It is said that there was a car aident last night, ______ five people and making more ______.
A. killing, injured B. killed, injured C. killing, injuring D. killed, injuring
30. The result was far beyond ______ we had expected, ______ brought great joy to every one of us.
A. that, which B. that, that C. what, what D. what, which
31. When ______ by the teachers, a student tends to study harder than usual.
A. to be praised B. praising C. praised D. to praise
32.――Why didn’t you call me this morning?
――I ______ call you. I called you all the morning, but I couldn’t ______.
A. did, get over B. do, get it C. didn’t, get together D. did, get through
33.――The room is in a mess again!
――Sorry. It is ______ who ______.
A. me, is to blame B. I, is to be blamed C. me, am to be blamed D. I, am to blame
34. So far all cloned animals have suffered from some different serious disorders, ______ dying soon after birth.
A. many of which B. many of whom C. many of that D. many of them
35.――Thank God we’ve finally cleared up some problems. Let’s ______, shall we?
――All right. See you tomorrow.
A. go Dutch B. get it straight C. call it a day D. make a meal of it
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Do you remember the name of your kindergarten teacher? I do. Her name is Mrs. White.
I don’t remember much about what we learned in her 36 , but my mother once told me we used to 37 a lot. And I would 38 what I wrote and she would look at it and see there were so many 39 , but no red corrections. And always a star. Sometimes even a “Good”! That made my heart filled with 40 , but worried my mother. So one day when she met Mrs. White. She asked her why she never 41 my mistakes; why she never red-penciled in the wrong 42 of words or pointed out grammatical errors.
My mother said Mrs. White said “The children are just 43 to get excited about using words, about 44 sentences. I don’t want to dampen that 45 with red ink. Spelling and grammar can 46 . The wonder of words won’t …” And maybe she didn’t 47 it exactly like that because it was a long time ago and 48 my mother told me was just what she could remember.
Thanks to Mrs. White, I 49 up learning to use words with loving 50 . I had no qualms （顾虑）about writing what I meant 51 I couldn’t quite spell it out. A thought es into my mind that if Mrs. White had used her red pen precisely, I 52 wouldn’t be telling you about this now. I look 53 now and think she must have been a rather 54 teacher ――to exercise such red-pen-restraint （不纠错）――to 55 the joy, wonder and excitement of expression.
36. A. expression B. school C. class D. home
37. A. sing B. write C. draw D. speak
38. A. bring back B. hand out C. hand in D. make up
39. A. signatures B. mistakes C. words D. stars
40. A. regret B. sadness C. happiness D. worry
41. A. saw B. found C. changed D. corrected
42. A. meanings B. spellings C. use D. place
43. A. beginning B. leading C. happening D. choosing
44. A. reading B. discovering C. forming D. hearing
45. A. thought B. patience C. courage D. excitement
46. A. wait B. advance C. disappear D. return
47. A. aept B. prove C. agree D. say
48. A. that B. what C. which D. how
49. A. grew B. stood C. added D. gave
50. A. doubt B. ability C. confidence D. opinion
51. A. as if B. now that C. if only D. even if
52. A. hardly B. usually C. probably D. actually
53. A. back B. round C. up D. out
54. A. beautiful B. interesting C. unusual D. strict
55. A. show B. let C. enjoy D. allow
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A
Besides containing attractive flowers, trees and other plants that beautify the munity, eco-friendly rain gardens are healthy for the environment and the people living and working nearby.
A rain garden is not very different from a traditional garden. It is just a far more eco-friendly garden. Usually it is built lower than the ground. Rain gardens make smart use of rain and storm water by temporarily holding water from rain and storms and letting it soak slowly into the ground before it runs into streams or enters the public drinking water supply.
Thus, a rain garden keeps the water, allowing it to be used as needed by plants in the rain garden, rather than flowing immediately into nearby streams and going unused. The water will soak slowly into the ground within a day or two. This creates an advantage that the rain garden does not allow mosquitoes to breed. This is a simple, attractive, and eco-friendly “green” way to treat storm water.
What’s more, planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment. Without using expensive machinery and chemicals, rain gardens remove harmful chemicals in the rainwater and cut down on the amount of pollution reaching streams and rivers by up to 30%.
Native plants are remended for rain gardens because they are more used to the local climate, soil, and water conditions. They may attract local wildlife such as native birds. Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week, unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week. Once the native plants establish the necessary root system, it will require little care.
Often, local governments and private businesses develop large rain gardens in their yards and in public parks as a way to improve the environment and solve flooding problems. However, you don’t need to be a professional environmental engineer to create a rain garden. As long as you’re eco-conscious homeowners, you can help the environment by building smaller rain gardens in your yards.
56. Which of the following is the eco-friendly function of rain gardens discussed in Paragraph 4?
A. They can keep the rain and storm water.
B. They can help reduce the pollution problem.
C. They can be healthy for the people around.
D. They can make the environment more beautiful.
57. One of the main reasons why native plants are remended is that ______.
A. they cost less and are much easier to get
B. they may attract local wildlife to e
C. they require little care from the local gardeners
D. they are more used to the local growing conditions.
58. We can infer from the passage that after native plants are planted, rain gardens ______.
A. need little water
B. need little care
C. need to be watered every day
D. needn’t be watered if there is at least an inch of rainwater per week

B
Flying across the globe, whether on business or for leisure, is usually effortless――you just have to book your ticket, pack your bags and show up at the airport with your passport. You board the plane and several cocktails and movies later, you arrive at your destination, and hopefully, your baggage does too. Here are some tips on how to be a clever traveler.
Easy check-in
Avoid the queue and check yourself in by using the MAS Web Check-In (malaysiaairlines.) in the fort of your own home or office. Passengers can now check in online anytime from 24 hours to 90 minutes ahead of the scheduled departure time. This is available for flights departing from all MAS stations ――except Paris, Kunming, Xiamen and Bandar Seri Begawan――to all MAS destinations. You can even select preferred seats online.
Bag hygiene
No, we’re not talking about the cleanliness of your bags! It’s the aviation talk for a bag that doesn’t carry any old baggage tags with barcodes that could confuse the baggage sensor（传感器）.
If you find yourself arriving in Sydney while your bag lands in Tokyo, it could be because of your old baggage tag. Another reason why bags go missing could be the printing quality of the barcode; bags are misdirected because the sensors can’t read the codes correctly.
Less is more
Most airports around the world now set a weight limit of 32kg per piece of baggage. This will not only help protect the airline workers’ health, but also be easier for you to carry your bags around.
Avoid packing dangerous goods or placing valuables inside your check-in luggage. Ensure that locks are properly secured as a lot of baggage locks are found caught between the conveyor belts（传送带）. Smaller and softer bags are usually placed inside a tray at check-in to protect the locks from contact with the conveyor belt.
59. Aording to the passage, airplane passengers ______.
A. can check in without going to the airport
B. have to check in 90 minutes earlier
C. are required to check in on the MAS web
D. can select their favorite seats when getting aboard
60. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “hygiene” in the passage?
A. Disappearance. B. Protection.
C. Check. D. Cleanliness.
61. Why does baggage sometimes go missing aording to the passage?
a. The bags are too old and dirty.
b. The sensors can’t read the barcodes correctly.
c. The old tag is still on the bag.
d. The bags are too heavy to check.
A. a, b B. b, c C. c, d D. b, d
62. Which of the following statements is TRUR about check-in baggage?
A. Each piece can weigh 30 kg at the most.
B. Smaller and softer bags should be separated from other ones.
C. Valuable things should be kept inside a tray.
D. Bags containing dangerous things can be caught on the conveyor belts.
C
Diamonds may be a girl’s best friend. But some women show great interest in colorful beads（珠子）from Uganda made of recycled paper. The beads are sold by a nonprofit anization called BeadforLife.
BeadforLife began as a chance meeting between three American women on a trip to Uganda and a local jewelry maker. Millie Grace Akena was rolling paper beads near her home. She made paper beads as a hobby. But there was no real market in her country.
Torkin Wakefield says she and her daughters Devin and Ginny brought some of the beads back home. Immediately people started admiring the beads. The three Americans started BeadforLife in 2004. Nearly 700 women have taken part.
The group says its beaders earn an average of more than 2,000 dollars a year in the program. This is five times what they earned before. The beads are sold across Uganda and in Boulder, Colorado. They are also sold online and at jewelry shows called bead parties. “Because they have meaning, because these are gifts that help people, when folks in America and beyond buy our beads, they feel a sense of generosity. They feel a direct connection, like they can really take part in getting rid of poverty.” Torkin said.
The jewelry costs between five and thirty dollars. BeadforLife reported sales in its last budget year of more that 3.5 million dollars. It says for every ten-dollar necklace sold, the beader gets two dollars and forty-three cents in money or materials. It says more than 90% of earnings are reinvested in munity development projects in Uganda. Torkin Wakefield estimates that BeadforLife has helped more than 8,000 people this way.
So what about Millie Grace Akena, the jewelry maker? Mrs Wakefield says she has gone on to anize a small group of women who work with her, and they sell their beads to a religious group.
63.Aording to the passage, BeadforLife is an anization that ______.
A. provides poor people worldwide with free education
B. mainly encourages people to learn to earn a living on their own
C. has attracted many businessmen to invest in beading
D. supports munity development projects in Uganda
64. When Torkin Wakefield brought the beads to America, ______.
A. she didn’t know people would like them
B. she wanted to make a fortune out of them
C. people showed great interest in them at once
D. she was thinking of how to find investors
65. Aording to Paragraph 4, the beads are popular because ______.
A. people think buying them is a good way to help the poor
B. they are of good quality and can be kept for a long time
C. they symbolize the most important thing in people’s life
D. they look even more beautiful than diamonds
66. Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the passage?
A. Mrs Wakefield makes a great contribution to developing countries.
B. BeadforLife makes beads out of recycled paper.
C. BeadforLife uses paper beads to improve people’s lives.
D. Mrs Wakefield’s career takes off thanks to paper beads.

D
At Dallas/Fort Worth Airport, the lights are controlled by sensors that measure sunlight. They dim immediately when it’s sunny and brighten when a passing cloud blocks the sun.
A wall of windows at a University of Pennsylvania engineering building has built-in blinds (百叶窗) controlled by a puter program that follows the sun’s path. Buildings are getting smarter and the next generation of building materials is expected to do even more.
Windows could catch the sun’s energy to heat water. Sensors that measure the carbon dioxide breathed out by people in a room could determine whether the air conditioning needs to be turned up.
Many new materials and technology have been designed in the last 15 years. They are now being used in a wave of buildings designed to save as much energy as possible. They include old ideas, like “green roofs”, where a belt of plants on a roof helps the building keep heat in winter and stay cool in summer, and new ideas, like special coating for windows that lets light in, but keeps heat out.
As technologies such as sensors bee cheaper, their uses spread.
The elevators (电梯) at Seven World Trade Center, which is under construction in New York, use a system that groups people traveling to nearby floors into the same elevator, thus saving elevator stops. People who work in the building will enter it by swiping (刷) ID cards that will tell the elevators their floor, readouts will then tell them which elevator to use. The building also has windows with a coating that blocks heat while letting in light.
More new building materials and technology are in development. A Philadelphia building firm is now working on “smart wrap” that uses tiny solar collectors to catch the sun’s energy and transmitters (传输器) as wide as a human hair to move it. They are expected to change the face of the construction industry in the next ten years or so.
67. ________ will be developed and used in the construction industry.
A. “Green roofs” that cool or heat buildings
B. “Smart wrap” that catches the sun’s energy
C. Sunlight-measuring sensors that control lights
D. Window coating that lets light in, but keeps heat out
68. The elevators at Seven World Trade Center are special because they can ________.
A. send people to floors with fewer stops B. teach people how to use their ID cards
C. make people stay very cool in summer D. help people go traveling in the building
69. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to ________.
A. a human hair B. smart wrap C. the sun’s energy D. a transmitter
70. What might be the most suitable title for the text?
A. Buildings Are Being Smarter B. Buildings Are Getting More Sunlight
C. Buildings Are Lacking in Much Energy D. Buildings Are Using Cheaper Materials

第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
We all have goals that we are moving towards and making a great effort to achieve. This is a good thing. Or can it be bad? How many of us never reach our goals and yet we have tried so hard and really thought about nothing else? I believe the mistake most of us make is that we do not focus on our present situation.
Let me explain. Most of us see our present situation as a stepping stone that we use simply as a means of reaching our final destination. We don’t take time to truly appreciate where we are today and all the great things we already have in our lives. We should focus our attention on the journey and not on the destination, or we will miss the beautiful scenery along the way.
Let’s use our job as an example. Now most of us want a promotion. We have plans to bee the manager or general manager in our panies. Unfortunately, most of us will never reach the goal, but will watch others achieve our goal instead.
What we should be doing is focusing on the job we are currently in now. Fet where we want to get to and just focus on the present. You see, what we can control is our performance in our current job. We can decide to be the best we possibly can in our current job. Now this may mean further education to have the skills we currently do not have. It may mean working harder to produce better results than our colleagues. It could simply be a change of attitude, such as stopping plaining and being a more devoted and supportive employee. By doing our current job to the best of our abilities, we in fact give ourselves the best chance of promotion.
So the best thing for all of us to do to achieve our goals is to just focus on what we have and where we are now. Do the best and be the best we possibly can in our current situations, and we will give ourselves the very best chance of reaching our goals in the future. We have heard the old sayings and they are true: “Rome wasn’t built in a day.”, “Patience is a virtue”, and so on.
Have patience, have appreciation of what we already have, and take time to help ourselves be the very best we can. Do these things and we will all reach our goals, but more importantly, we will enjoy our life every day.
Title Focus on the present
Theme To (71) ______ our goals, we should focus on what we have and where we are now.
mon (72)______?We do not focus on our present situation.
?Most of us see our present situation as a stepping stone to our final destination.
?We do not spend the time truly (73)______ where we are today and what we already have in our lives.
(74)______――our job?(75)______ the thought of getting promoted. What we should do is (76)______ our best to do our current job.
?to be the best in our current job, we should get further education, work harder than (77)______, stop plaining and (78)______ ourselves to our job.
Conclusion If we are (79)______, grateful for what we have, and take time to help ourselves be the very best we can, we can not only (80)______ in the future, but also enjoy our life every day.
第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是李华，你们班对中学生是否有必要读英文经典文学进行了讨论。请根据下表内容用英语写一篇文章。
80%：有必要20%：没有必要你的观点
1.扩大词汇量
2.提高写作水平
3.了解西方历史和文化1.读不懂，没意思
2.内容与当今生活联系甚少
3.学习负担重，没有时间……
注意：1. 对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。
2. 词数150左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Recently our class have had a discussion about whether it is necessary for middle school students to read English classics.

江苏省泰州中学2011－2012学年度第一学期
高二英语期中考试答题纸（2011.11）

选择题一律做在答题卡上。

第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）
Recently our class have had a discussion about whether it is necessary for middle school
students to read English classics.

高二英语期中试卷参考答案
一、听力
1-5 ABBAC 6-10 BABCB 11-15 AAB 16-20 CABAC
二、单选
21-25 A D A B B 26-30 B A A A D 31-35 C D D D C
三、完形填空
36-40 C B A B C 41-45 D B A C D 46-50A D B A C 51-55 D C A C D
四、阅读理解56-58 B D D 59-62 A D B B 63-66 DCAC 67-70 BACA
五、任务型阅读
71. achieve/reach 72. mistakes 73. appreciating 74. Example 75. Fet/ Ignore
76. try/ do 77. colleagues/others 78. devote 79. patient 80. sueed
六、写作
Recently our class have had a discussion about whether it is necessary for middle school students to read English classics. Different students have different opinions.
80% of the students think it necessary to read English classics. By reading classics we can enlarge our vocabulary and it is also an effective way to improve our writing. What’s more, we can learn a lot about western history and culture through reading great English books.
20% of the students don’t think so. In their opinion, English classics are boring and difficult to understand. As they were written a long time ago, their contents are far different from the life today. Besides, with heavy learning loads, a student can hardly find extra time to read after class.
In my opinion, classics are examples of great writing and wisdom. (或持否定态度) Reading them can help us improve our English as well as enrich our knowledge. So we should try to read some classics whenever possible.

听力稿：
Text 1
W: Hello, Anna Williamson speaking.
M: Anna, sorry, I had to rush off this morning. How are the boys?
W: I’m taking them to the doctor at 10:00, but I am sure they’re going to be all right.
Text 2
W: You’d better get up. It’s a quarter to eight and your breakfast is getting cold.
M: I don’t feel like having any breakfast. I’ll have another five minutes’ sleep instead.
Text 3
M: That was the most exciting game I’ve seen all year.
W: I was surprised. It was a lot of fun.
M: I bet your wish you hadn’t turned down our invitations all year.
W: I’m not going to miss another game, no matter what.
Test 4
M: Let’s meet in the library tonight at 8:00p.m.
W: That’s too late. Let’s make it about an hour and a half earlier.
M: OK. See you at the front desk.
Test 5
W: Professor Newman, a few of us at the back didn’t get the copy of your reading assignment.
M: Well, there are only thirty-eight names on my class list, and I didn’t bring any spare copies.
Text 6
W: Are you sure we’re on the right way?
M: Did I take a wrong turn?
W: I’m not sure. But I think you turned left when you should have turned right.
M: I’m sorry. Let’s go back to the crossroads and turn the other way.
W: I’ve to catch the 8:30 train. Do you think I can make it?
M: Don’t worry. I’ll take you there within 20 minutes.
W: I’m afraid there will be a traffic jam.
M: It’s not rush hour.
Text 7
M: Good morning, Miss Power. Have you seen the poster on the school bulletin?
W: No, not yet. What does it say?
M: It say there will be a swimming contest on the ing Wednesday.
W: That’s great! Who is the anizer?
M: Well, it is anized by the Recreational and Physical Culture Section.
W: I’d like to see the contest. What time and where is it?
M: 7:00p.m. at the College Swimming Pool.
W: Good. I’ll be free then. But where can we get the tickets?
M: Actually, we don’t need any tickets. The poster says admission is free.
W: Really? That’s wonderful! Shall we go there together?
M: OK. See you at 6:30 at the school gate.
Text 8
W: How was the first class?
M: Pretty good. The lecturer is the greatest I have ever met.
W: It’s lucky to have a good teacher. I was totally confused in my first class.
M: What’s up?
W: I couldn’t follow a word of what Professor Smith said. Besides, the reading list he gave us is as long as the Great Wall.
M: Don’t be frightened at the thought of reading all the books on the list. It’s unnecessary.
W: What if the exam is based upon one of the books?
M: In my opinion, you should read those which are marked with “essential reading”. Otherwise, you would be worn out.
W: It’s true indeed. Reading all the books is a mission impossible.
M: Hope you are in a better mood now.
W: Thank you. It’s also a drag to queue up in the library.
M: Take it easy. You need a day to relax.
Text 9
W: We’ve got a new manager in our department.
M: Oh? You hoped to get that job, didn’t you?
W: Yes, I did.
M: I’m sorry. That’s too bad. Who is it? Who got the job, I mean?
W: Someone called Drexler, Carl Drexler. He’s been with the pany only two years. I’ve been here longer. And I know more about the job, too!
M: Hmm, why do you think they gave it to him and not to you.
W: Because I’m the wrong sex, of course.
M: You mean you didn’t get the job because you’re a woman?
W: Yes, that was probably it! It’s unfair.
M: What sort of clothes does he wear?
W: A dark suit. White shirt. A tie. Why?
M: Perhaps that had something to do with it.
W: You mean you think I didn’t get the job because I e to work in Jeans and a sweater?
M: It’s possible, isn’t it?
W: Do you really think I should wear different clothes?
M: Well… Perhaps you should think about it.
W: Why should I wear a skirt? Or a dress?
M: I’m not saying you should. I’m saying that you should think about it. That’s all!
W: Why should I do that? I’m good at my job! That’s the only important thing!
M: Hmm. Perhaps it should be the only important thing. But it isn’t. Not in this pany.
Text 10
Ought you to give other people advice about how to live their lives? I don’t know. But sometimes it is possible to give good advice.
When I was young, a stranger came to my house: a small man with shabby clothes and a round red face. He told me he was working in a small hospital but didn’t like his job there. He asked whether there would be any opportunities for an English doctor in Spain. I warned him that Spain was not always the Spain of grand opera, but that he might earn enough to keep body and soul together. He must decide for himself. He left me and I soon fot him. Some years later I happened to be in Valencia. Feeling rather unwell, I asked the hotel porter if there was an English-speaking doctor in the town. He gave me an address.
When I reached the house, a small cheerful-looking man met me. He was the English-speaking doctor and invited me in. after he had examined me and told me what to do, I asked what his fee was.
He shook his head. “There’s no fee. Don’t you recognize me? I was wondering whether I’d ever have a chance to thank you for what you’ve done. You told me I might earn enough money to keep body and soul together and I haven’t done much more than that. I shall never be rich, but that doesn’t matter at all. I’m happy, I enjoy my job, and I wouldn’t exchange it for anything else in the world. ”