北京人遗址英文介绍

详细内容

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PekingManwasdiscoveredinZhoukoudianvillage,ontheLongguMountain,Fangshandistrict,Beijing,whichwaslistedasaworldculturalheritagesitein1987.Inthe1920sarchaeologistsdiscoveredapleteskullofanape-mandatingback600,000yearswhichwaslaternamedasPekingMan.StooolsandevidenceofPekingMan＇suseoffirewerelaterfoundonthemountain.StudieshaveshownthatPekingManwalkedonhisfeetandlived690,000yearsago.Hissocietylivedingroupsincavesandsurvivedbyhunting.Thegroupcouldmakeuseofroughstooolsandknewhowtousefireforheatingandcooking.

ThediscoveryincludedsixpleteskullsofPekingMan,12skullfragments,15mandibles(1),157teethandsomesectionsofbrokenfemur(2),shinbone(3),andupperarmbonesbelongingtomorethan40individualsofdifferentagesandsexes.Inaddition100,000fragmentsofstooolswerefoundtogetherwithsitesusedforfireandburntbonesandstones.

PekingMancreatedauniqueOldStoneCulturewhichhadmuchinfluencetotheOldStoneCultureofnorthChina.Stooolsaretheprincipalrelicsofthisremoteculture.AlsodiscoveredinZhoukoudianarestonepoints,anewproductiontoolthen,andbonearticlesmadeandusedbyPekingMan.Foundinthecavesweresuchtoolsasthelargerendofanantlerthathadbeenusedasahammerandthesharpendofanantlerusedasadiggingtool.

TheuseoffirewasamilestoneofthedevelopmentofcivilizationandthediscoveryofPekingManhaspushedbackthetimethatmanfirstuseditbytensofthousandsofyears.Thelargestashpilediscoveredinthecavesissixmetersthick.Fireallowedpeopletoeatcookedfoodinsteadofrawfoodandpromotedthedevelopmentofthebrainandimprovedhealth.WithhisroughtoolsandsimplelivingconditionsPekingmancreatedauniqueandveryancientculture.

IncludedintheUNESCO(4)  worldheritagelistin1987.

Notes:

1.mandible  下鄂骨

2.femur    大腿骨

3.shinbone   胫骨

4.UNESCO  联合国教科文组织（UnitedNationalsEducational,ScientificandCulturalanization)