高一英语必修3Unit3重点词汇词组句子

详细内容

e of the next horse race.
2).他把所有的钱都用在赌马上。
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2. fault n. 缺点；错误，过错；故障 vt.挑剔，指责
faulty adj.有缺点的；不完善的 faultless adj.不可挑剔的
1). I like him despite his faults. 虽然他有种种缺点, 但我仍然喜欢他。
2). No one could fault his performance. 他的演出无懈可击。
[重点用法]
find fault (with sb/sth) 找（某人/事物的）错/茬儿；埋怨（某人/事物）
It’ s one’ s fault 是某人的过错
[练习] 按要求翻译或填空。
1). It was _______ _______ (他的过错) that we were late.
2). I have no fault to find _______ (介词) your work.
3). 她总是找我的茬儿。
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3. spot vt. 发现；认出 n. 污点；斑点；地点 spotless adj. 没有斑点的；干净的
1). She spotted her friend in the crowd. 她在人群中认出了她的朋友。
2). She was wearing a white skirt with red spots 她穿着一件白底红点儿的裙子。
3). This is the very spot where he was murdered. 他就是在这儿遭谋杀的。
[重点用法]
spot sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事
on the spot = on the scene到（在）现场；当场
[练习] 用spot的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). The police ______ him driving a stolen car.
2). The police were ______ ______ ______ within a few minutes of my telephone call.
3). He keeps his house _____________.
4. aount n. 说明；理由；计算，账目 vi.&vt. 认为；说明；解释；总计有
1). I’ m going to the bank to open a new aount. 我去银行开个新账户。
2). Bad weather aounted for the long delay. 长期的延缓是因为坏天气。
[重点用法]
aount for导致；做出解释；总计有on aount of = because of 因为
open an aount 开户 keep an aount of记录，记载
take sth. into aount/consideration考虑到某事
[练习] 用aount的短语填空。
1). The League members in our school ______ ______ half of the students.
2). He doesn’t drink alcohol _______ _______ his health.
3). She couldn’t _______ _______ her foolish mistake.
5. seek vt.&vi. (sought, sought) 寻找；探索；寻求
1). You must seek permission from the manager. 你需请求经理批准。
2). The explanation is not far to seek. 这种解释不难理解。
3). They are seeking to mislead us. 他们竭力误导我们。
[重点用法]
seek (for/after) sth./sb. 寻找某人/某物 seek to do sth. 试图做某事
seek happiness/fort/wealth/suess追求幸福?安逸?财富、成功
[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). I think it’ s time we ________ (seek) legal advice.
2). They are seeking ________ (change) the rules.
6. amount n.数(量)；总额 vi.(to)合计；接近
1). Can you really afford this amount? 你真付得起这个总数吗?
2). The cost amounted to 250. 费用共达250英镑。
[重点用法]
a (large/small) amount of + n.[u] + v. (单数) (large/small) amounts of + n.[u] + v. (复数)
in (large/small) amounts [作状语]大（少）量地 amount to... 共达……，合计……
[练习] 用amount的短语翻译或所给词的适当形式填空。
1). During the earthquake, a large amount of damage _______ (do) in a very short time.
2). Large amounts of money _______ (spend) rebuilding the temple.
3). Food was provided _______ _______ _______ (供应多少不等).
4). The total cost of repairs _______ _______ (共计) $100.
7. bow [bau] vi.&vt. 鞠躬；弯腰 [bəu] n.[c] 弓，蝴蝶结；鞠躬
1). We all bowed to the Queen. 我们都向女王鞠躬致敬。
2). His back was bowed with age. 他因年老而驼背。
[重点用法]
bow to/before sb. 向某人鞠躬 bow to sth. 向……低头；接受某事
[练习] 用bow的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). The boss ______ ______ the demands of the workers.
II. 重点词组
1. bring up 培养；抚养；养育或教育某人；提出；呕吐某物
1). Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt. 她出生後不久，父母
双亡, 是由姑母抚养大的。
[重点用法]
bring sb. up to be/as 培养某人成为 bring sb. up to do sth. 培养某人要……
[练习] 用bring的短语填空。
1). He was ______ ______ ______ ______ authority (从小就受到尊敬师长的教育).
2). He ______ ______ a good suggestion at the meeting.
3). She was so sick that she ______ ______ all that she had had.
2. go ahead 执行，进行，前进，（于祈使句）可以，往下说，用吧，开始吧
1). Despite the bad weather, the journey will go ahead. 尽管天气不好，旅行将照常进行。
2). The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.新桥的修建将按计划进行。
[短语归纳]
(be) ahead of 在之前；领先于；胜过ahead of time / in advance 提前
[练习] 用ahead短语填空。
1). After a pause, he ______ _______ (继续) with his speech.
2). The new bridge was pleted _______ _______ _______ (提前).
3). _______ _______ _______ (径直向前走) for 200 meters and then turn left.
4). ―― Could I use your bike?
―― _______ _______ (用吧)!
3. by aident = by chance 偶然；无意中
1). Last time I ran across her in the street by aident. 上次我偶然在街上碰见她。
2). I only found it by aident. 我只是碰巧找到的。
[短语归纳] by + n. 短语：
by contrast 对比之下 by mistake 错误地 by hand 用手，用体力by machine 用机器
[练习] 用by + n. 构成的词组填空。
1). I was in such a hurry that I took someone else’s umbrella ________.
2). These toys are made ______ instead of ______, so they are very expensive.
3). She had found the file ______.
4. on the contrary 与此相反；正相反[只作状语]
1). It doesn’t seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think it’s rather beautiful. 我觉得它并不丑, 恰恰相反, 它挺美。
2). It wasn’t a good thing; on the contrary, it was a huge mistake. 这并不是一件好事，相反，这是个巨大的错误。
[短语归纳] contrary短语：
to the contrary（表明是）相反的；相反地[作定语和状语]
(be) contrary to 违反（某事物）；与…相反
[练习] 用contrary短语填空。
1). The car isn’t expensive. ______ ______ ______, it’s quite cheap.
2). I will e on Monday unless you write me ______ ______ ______.
3). I will continue to believe it until I get proof ______ ______ ______.
4). The results were ______ ______ expectation.
5. take a chance = take chances冒险，碰运气
He took a big chance when he made the investment. 当时他投资时是冒了大风险的。
[短语归纳] chance短语：
have a good chance/no chance/not much chance of (doing) sth/ to do sth/ that....大有希望/没有可能/没什麽希望做某事
by chance: by aident: aidentally: unintentionally 偶然地；意外地；非有意地
chances are (that)...: it is likely that... 很可能……
give sb. a chance 给某人一个机会
a chance of lifetime千载难逢的机会
[练习] 用chance短语填空。
1). The guide book didn’t mention there being any hotels, but we decided to ______ ______ ______.
2). You should never ______ ______ when driving a car.
3). 很可能她要来。
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4). 我遇见她完全是偶然的。
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6. as for 至于，关于
As for you, you ought to be ashamed of yourself. 至於你, 你应该感到惭愧。
[短语归纳]as短语：
as to 至于，关于；提到；就……而论(至于，说到)
[练习] 翻译。
1). He was uncertain ______ ______ (关于) which road to take.
2). 关于我的过去, 我什么都不会告诉你。
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III.词语辨析
1. scene / sight / view / scenery
【解释】
scene 指某一处的自然风光
scenery（总称）自然景物，天然风光，是由多个scenes构成的自然风景。
sight 景象，风景，名胜，侧重值得看的事物或很难看的东西和很可笑的事物；视力/眼界
view 景色，风景，侧重从人所处的角度（从远处或高处）以眼所看到的景色。
【练习】根据句子意思用scene，sight，view，scenery的适当形式填空。
1). Guilin is famous for its beautiful _______.
2). The _______ is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.
3). You can get a wonderful _______at the top of the tower.
4). The flowers are a lovely _______ in spring.
5). He began to lose his _______six years ago.
2. permit / allow / let
【解释】
let允许，让，常用于口语中，一般不用于被动语态。后接不带to的不定式作宾补。
permit和allow意思相近，都表示“允许，准许”。permit稍正式一些，多指上级对下级或长辈
对晚辈的准许,语气较强；allow多指听任或不管教某人做某事。
常用句型allow/permit sb. to do sth. be allowed/permitted to do sth. allow/permit doing sth.
【练习】根据句子意思用permit，allow或所给词的适当形式填空。
1). Students are not _________ to enter the Bar.
2). My mother wouldn’t let me _______ (go) to the film.
3). We don’ t allow _______ (smoke) in our office.
4). Weather _______ (permit), we’ll go outing this weekend.
3. scream / shout
【解释】
scream指因痛苦、恐惧、激动或生气而喊叫、尖叫，声音大而尖利，常与to连用
shout指因愤怒或为引起注意而发出的声音，大喊，大叫，大声说话，常常与at连用
【练习】根据句子意思用scream，shout的适当形式填空。
1). There was a huge bang and people started _______.
2). Two women were _______ at each other outside the supermarket.
3). I had to _______ to make myself heard.
4). The fans _______ with excitement when they saw him.
IV.重点句子
1. Towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. 快到黄昏的时候，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。
[解释] find +sb./sth. + 宾语补足语 = find + (that) + sb./sth. + 谓语动词
例如：I found the boy hiding behind the door. = I found that the boy was hiding behind the door.

搭配 find +sb./sth. doing 发现……在做……(主动) find sb./sth. done发现……被做……(被动)
find oneself in/at... 发觉自己在某处／处于……
[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空或翻译。
1). I found the boy _______ (hide) behind the door.
2). When day broke, we _______ _______ _______ (发现我们到了一个村子里) a small village at the foot of the mountain.
3). The film star________ ________ ________ ________ (发觉自己被围住) a group of fans immediately he got off the car.
2. The next morning I’ d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 第二天早上，正当我感到绝望时一船发现了我。
[解释] 句中when为并列连词，译为“就在这时”，表示一种未预料到或突然发生的情况，常用于讲述过去发生的事情或故事。when常用于以下句型：
1). be about to do …when… 正要做某事就……
2). be on the point of doing…when… 正要做某事就……
3). be doing…when… 正在做某事就在这时……
4). had just done sth. when... 刚做完某事就……
5). had hardly done…when…一做完某事就……
例如：
1). He was about to go out when it began to rain. 他正要出去时天下起雨来了。
2). I’ d just finished my test paper when the bell rang. 我刚做完试卷下课铃就响了。
3). The boy was riding when he fell off his bike. 那个小孩正在骑车，就在这时，摔了下来。
4).The bell had hardly rung when the class began. =hardly had the bell rung when the class began.
[练习] 翻译句子。
1) 他正要离开时有人叫住了他。
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2) 她一吃完晚饭就出去了
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3. You must e whenever you want and have whatever you like. 您只要想来随时欢迎，您想吃什么尽管吃。
[解释] 疑问词+ ever可引导让步状语从句, 相当于no matter + 疑问词。如：
1). Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished. = No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished.
2). Whenever you have problems, you may turn to me for help. = No matter when you have problems, you may turn to me for help.
拓展：疑问词+ ever还可引导名词性从句，相当于anyone who, anything that, any time when等，用来加强语气
如：
1). Whoever says that is a liar. 说那话的人是个骗子。
2). I’ ll believe whatever you say. 我将相信你所说的一切。
3).You can choose whatever you like in the shop. = You can choose anything that you like in the shop.
[练习] 翻译。
1). 无论你说什么，我都相信你。
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2). 在这里抽烟的任何人都将受到惩罚.
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