英语书信写作指导
详细内容
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—、书信写作要求
书信(Letter)一般可分为事务信件或公函(BusinessLetterorOfficalCorrespondence)以及私人信件
(PrivateLetter)两大类。一般包括以下几个要点:
1)收信人的姓名和地址;
2)寄信人的姓名及其与收信人的关系;
3)寄信人的地址(有时可以省略);
4)写信的时间;
5)信的内容。
1.书信的格式
1)信头(Heading);
2)称呼(Salutation);
3)正文(Bodyoftheletter);
4)结束语(plimentaryclose);
5)签名(signature)。
2.书信的种类
1)邀请信
邀请信有正式和非正式之分,也有介于两者之间者。正式邀请信一般属于公函类,私人邀请信一般属于非正式文体。邀请朋友、熟人参加某一聚会时,再词句上不一定多加斟酌,用词太正规倒显得关系不密切。但是如果与被邀请人不太熟悉的话,最好用正式文体。如虽认识但并不十分了解,文体可介于两个者之间。由此可见,私人邀请究竟用什么文体,关键看与被邀请人之间的亲疏的程度。邀请信要明确写出活动(是晚会、晚餐还是一般的聚会等)、活动的时间地点组织这项活动的理由,有时还应告诉对方可能出席的人,另外一般希望对方给予答复。
(1)非正式邀请信,如;
26CoventrySt.
London
Sept.15th,1999.
DearJack,
IamgoingtothecinematoseetheRedRiverValleyandIhavetwotickets.Wouldyouliketoe?Thefilmstartsat7:30p.m.MaybewecanmeetattheCoventGardenStationat7:00p.m.andhaveadrinkbeforethefilmstarts.Pleasephonemeathometoletmeknow.
Lookingforwardtoseeingyou.
Love
Mary
这封信是写给朋友的,所以用语比较随便,比较口语化。
(2)正式邀请信,如:
DearMs.Gupta;
It’sourgreatpleasuretoannouncethatJan.19thisthe3rdanniversaryofthefoundingofourcorporation.Wehaveasmallpartyasfollows:7:00p.m.,Jan.19th,RoomNo.123,KunlunHotel.Atthismoment,wewouldliketoexpressoursinceregratitudetoourclientsforbothcourtesyandsupportoverthepastthreeyears.Pleaseconfirmifyouplanttoattend.
YoursSincerely,
Lewis
这是一封正式邀请信,十分正规,无论从句式,还是用语都十分讲究。
(3)介于正式和非正式之间的邀请信,如:
No.4MiddleSchool
Beijing100034
April29th,20xx
DearMissKatherine,
Iamverypleasedtowritetoyou.MynameisYuHongandIammonitorofClassOne,GradeThreeoftheNo.2MiddleSchoolofJi'nan.Lastyear,youcameheretogiveaspeech,whichwas"FastReading".MyclassmatesandIallthankyouverymuch.WewillhaveanEnglisheveningat7:00--9:00ontheeveningofMay4thinourclassroom.Wouldyoupleaseeandattendtheeveningparty?Attheparty,wewillsingEnglishsongs,playgamesandsoon.AndweareanxioustoinviteyoutoetosingusanEnglishsong.Afterthatwecanenjoythemusic.Wehopetoseeyousoon.
Yours
YuHong
这封信是写给一位外籍教师的,这位外籍教师曾经到过这所学校,虽然作者认识,但并不十分了解。
2)感谢信
感谢信可分为感谢馈赠、感谢款待、感谢帮助、感谢送行和感谢探病等。
感谢信一般包括以下几点:
①对收信人的称谓;
②写信的目的;(Thankyoufor…)
③致谢并详述所收到的礼物或得到的帮助等;
④结尾及谦称。
如:
DearMs.Gupta:
HowregretfulImustleaveyouhouse.Thankyouforthemanygoodthingsyouprovided.Thechessgame,tennismatchandMr.Gupta'sdeliciousdishesgavemelotsofenjoyment.IfyoucametoBeijingforanyreason,pleaseetomyfamily.ThekidsarelookingforwardtoseeingAuntJean.Ibelievewewillhaveaveryhappytime.
YoursSincerely,Lewis
3)求职信
求职信属于公务信函,格式和用词比较规。信的内容大体上分为三部分
①写信的目的,
②自我介绍,
③要求。
注意下面几点:
①写信的目的要直截了当地在信的开头提出。
②自我介绍部分主要介绍自己的学历、工作经历、解决问题的能力等等。在行文、用词上要表现出自信、恳切的态度,语言简明扼要,突出介绍自己的优点,与众不同的特长或有利条件。还要紧扣用人单位的需求,巧用词语,有国地说服对方,此职非你莫属。
③最后提出进一步联系的途径,如:时间、地点。还可以主动提出接受面试或考核等。
④求职信在写作特点上主要用第一人称以及动词的一般现在时。如:
MsLiLing
P.O.Box231
Beijing
July10,1999
Dearsir(s),
IhavejustreadinthenewspaperthatasecretaryoftheEnglishlanguageinwantedinyourpany.Iamthereforewritingtoyoutointroducemyself.I'dliketogetthejob.Iamagirlcollegestudentof22yearsold.MynameisLiLing.Iamstudyinginthelanguagedepartment.Icanspeak,readandwriteEnglishverywell.Asasecondlanguage,IcanreadandspeakalittleFrench.Ihavesomeworkexperienceasatypistinmysparetimeatschool,andasatouristguideduringsummerholidays.ThebossesIworkedforwereallsatisfiedwithmywork.IamsureI'llsatisfyyouaswell.Youcangetmoreinformationaboutmystudiesandworkfromthecollege.Iamlookingforwardtovisitingyourofficeatanytimeforatalkoratest.
Faithfully
LiLing
3)回信
写回信时应特别注意正确理解写信人的意图、所提问题、必须对写信人的问题给予明确的答复。如下例:
No.1MiddleSchoolofNanjing,
Jiangsu,China
Jan.23rd,20xx
DearJack
Thanksforyourletter.Yes,IhavesomedifficultyinlearningEnglish.Forexample,Ican'ttellthedifferencebetweenwrittenEnglishandspokenEnglish.SometimesIoftenmakemistakeswhilespeakingtoothers.IwanttoimprovemyspokenEnglish.ButIdon'tknowhow.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomeadvice?Asyousay,itisreallydifficulttowritetoeChinesecharacters,butdon'tworryaboutit.Haveyouconsidereddoingplentyofpractice?AndIsuggestyouwritethemasmuchaspossible.Ithinkitwillbeofgreathelp.I'mlookingforwardtohearingfromyouagain.
Bestwishes.
Yours
LiLing